I-BEIJING - Phakathi nokukhathazeka okukhulayo mayelana namaketanga okunikezwa kwe-semiconductor emhlabeni jikelele, i-China ibone ukwanda okukhulu kwezintengo zama-chip emikhakheni eminingi ezinyangeni ezisanda kwedlula. Ochwepheshe bemboni nabahlaziyi baphakamisa ukuthi ukusebenzisana okuyinkimbinkimbi kokungezwani kwezwe, ukuphazamiseka kochungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla, izithiyo zobuchwepheshe, kanye nesidingo esikhulayo yikho okuqhuba lo mkhuba. Lokhu kuhlaziywa kwezindaba kucubungula izimbangela eziyisisekelo futhi kuhlole imithelela ebanzi yomnotho waseChina, imboni yezobuchwepheshe, nezimakethe zomhlaba jikelele ze-semiconductor.

Izimbangela Eziyinhloko Ezibangela Ukukhuphuka Kwentengo Ye-chip:

1. Izingcindezi Zezombangazwe Nezivimbelo Zokuthekelisa: Izingxabano zohwebo ezikhulayo, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwe-China ne-United States, ziholele ekulawuleni okuqinile kokuthekelisa kwemishini ethuthukisiwe yokwenza amashibhile nezinto zokwakha. Lokhu kukhawulele ukufinyelela kweShayina kubuchwepheshe obubucayi, okuphoqa abakhiqizi basekhaya ukuthi bathembele kuhlu lwezimpahla ezikhona noma bafune ezinye izindlela, ngaleyo ndlela banyuse izindleko.
2. Iziphazamiso Zochungechunge Lomhlaba Wonke: Imiphumela eqhubekayo yobhubhane lwe-COVID-19, ehambisana nezingxabano zesifunda kanye nezingqinamba zezokuthutha, kuphazamise ukuhamba kahle kwezingxenye ze-semiconductor. I-China, isizinda esikhulu sokukhiqiza ama-electronics emhlabeni jikelele, ihlaselwe kakhulu ukubambezeleka nokushoda, okukhuphula amanani.
3. Ukuthuthukiswa Okusheshayo Kwezobuchwepheshe kanye Nezikhala Zokufuna: Ukukhula okunamandla kungqalasizinda ye-5G, izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-AI, izimoto zikagesi, namadivayisi e-IoT kudale isidingo esingakaze sibonwe sama-chips athuthukile. Izinhlelo zokukhulisa ubuchwepheshe zaseShayina ezikhangayo, kuhlanganiswe namandla okukhiqiza asekhaya alinganiselwe ama-semiconductors asezingeni eliphezulu, kubhebhethekise ukungalingani kwezidingo zokuhlinzeka.
4. Ukushoda Kwekhono Lasekhaya: Naphezu kokutshalwa kwezimali okubalulekile, imboni ye-chip yase-China isasele ngemuva kwabaholi bomhlaba wonke ezinqubweni zokwenziwa ezithuthukisiwe (isb., ngaphansi kuka-7nm). Ukuthembela kumathuluzi angenisiwe kanye ne-IP kushiye uchungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwasekhaya sengozini yokushaqeka kwangaphandle, okuphoqa abakhiqizi ukuthi bamunce izindleko eziphakeme zama-chips akhiqizwa ekhaya.

Imithelela kanye nezimpendulo zomkhakha:

1. Izingcindezi Zezindleko Ezimbonini Eziphansi: Izintengo zama-chip ezikhuphukayo zicindezela amamajini enzuzo kubakhiqizi bezinto zikagesi, abakhiqizi bezimoto, nezinkampani zamadivayisi wabathengi. Amabhizinisi amancane angase abhekane nezinselele zokuphila, kuyilapho abadlali abakhulu behlola ukukhuphuka kwamanani kwemikhiqizo yokugcina.
2. Ukusheshisa Ukushintshwa Kwasekhaya: Le nkinga iqinise umfutho we-China wokuzethemba kwe-semiconductor. Izinzuzo zikahulumeni, ukutshalwa kwezimali kwe-R&D, nokusebenzisana kwezinkampani ezizimele kukahulumeni kusheshisa imizamo yokuthuthukisa amadizayini omdabu, amakhono okukhiqiza, nezinto zokwakha.
3. Ukulungiswa kabusha kwe-Global Supply Chain: Iziqhwaga zobuchwepheshe baseShayina zihlukanisa amasu okuthola usizo, zihlola ukusebenzisana nabahlinzeki abangebona abase-U.S. nozakwethu besifunda. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe zihlola kabusha ukuthembela kwazo ekwenziweni kwaseShayina, okungenzeka zimise kabusha ukuguquguquka kokuhlinzekwa kwama-chip emhlabeni jikelele.
4. Ukushintsha Kwesikhathi Eside Kwezobuchwepheshe: Ukushoda kungasheshisa intuthuko kwezinye izindlela zokuklama ama-chip (isb., ukwakheka kwe-RISC-V) kanye nokwenziwa okusha. Ukugxila kweChina ezintweni ezihlanganisiwe ze-semiconductor kanye nama-chips akhethekile ezimakethe ze-niche kungase kuvele njengenzuzo yokuncintisana.
5. Ukungenelela Kwemithetho Nenqubomgomo: I-Beijing kulindeleke ukuthi ithuthukise ukusekelwa kwe-semiconductor ecosystem, okuhlanganisa ikhefu lentela, uxhaso lokunwetshwa kwendwangu, kanye nezinyathelo zokuvikela impahla yengqondo ukuze kugqugquzelwe imboni yasekhaya eqinile.

Ulwazi Lochwepheshe:

"Inkinga yentengo ye-chip yaseChina ibonisa igebe lesakhiwo phakathi kwezifiso zayo zobuchwepheshe kanye nekhono lokukhiqiza lamanje," kusho uDkt. Li Ming, umhlaziyi we-semiconductor e-China Academy of Information and Communications Technology. "Yize ubuhlungu besikhashana bungenakugwenywa, le nkinga ingaba yimbangela yokwephula ukuncika kwamanye amazwe kanye nokukhuthaza i-semiconductor ecosystem yasekhaya."

Okuzayo:

Njengoba ukungaqiniseki kwezwe kwezombusazwe kuqhubeka futhi imijaho yezobuchwepheshe ishisa, imakethe yama-chip yaseChina cishe izohlala iguquguquka. Kodwa-ke, ukutshalwa kwezimali okuqhubekayo kanye nokusebenzisana kwamasu kungase kudambise kancane kancane izithiyo zokuhlinzeka futhi kumise kabusha isimo sezwe endaweni ye-semiconductor yomhlaba wonke. Ukuqapha ngokucophelela izinguquko zenqubomgomo, impumelelo yasekhaya ye-R&D, kanye nokushintshashintsha kwezohwebo zamazwe ngamazwe kuzobaluleka ukuze siqonde izimakethe zesikhathi esizayo.