Pekin - Mu gihe impungenge zikomeje kwiyongera ku bijyanye no gutanga amasoko ya semiconductor ku isi, Ubushinwa bwagaragaje ko izamuka ry’ibiciro bya chip mu mirenge myinshi mu mezi ashize. Impuguke n’abasesenguzi mu nganda bavuga ko imikoranire itoroshye y’imivurungano ya politiki, ihungabana ry’itangwa ry’amasoko, imbogamizi z’ikoranabuhanga, hamwe n’ibisabwa bikabije bitera iyi nzira. Iri sesengura ryamakuru ryibanze ku mpamvu zifatika kandi risuzuma ingaruka nini ku bukungu bw’Ubushinwa, inganda z’ikoranabuhanga, ndetse n’amasoko ya semiconductor ku isi.

Impamvu zingenzi zitera izamuka ryibiciro bya Chip:

1. Imyitwarire ya geopolitike no kubuza kohereza hanze: Kwiyongera kw’ubucuruzi, cyane cyane hagati y’Ubushinwa na Amerika, byatumye igenzura rikomeye ryoherezwa mu mahanga ku bikoresho ndetse n’ibikoresho bigezweho. Ibi byagabanije Ubushinwa kugera ku ikoranabuhanga rikomeye, bituma inganda zo mu gihugu zishingiye ku bubiko buriho cyangwa gushaka ubundi buryo, bityo bigatuma ibiciro byiyongera.
2. Gutanga Urunigi ku Isi: Ingaruka z'icyorezo cya COVID-19, zifatanije n'amakimbirane yo mu karere hamwe n'ibikoresho byo mu bikoresho, byahungabanije urujya n'uruza rw'ibice bya semiconductor. Ubushinwa, ihuriro rikomeye mu gukora ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki ku isi, bwibasiwe cyane n’ubukererwe n’ibura, bituma ibiciro bizamuka.
3. Iterambere ryihuse ryikoranabuhanga hamwe nibisabwa: Iterambere ryiyongera mubikorwa remezo bya 5G, porogaramu za AI, ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi, nibikoresho bya IoT byatanze icyifuzo kitigeze kibaho kuri chip zateye imbere. Gahunda yo kwagura ikoranabuhanga mu Bushinwa, hamwe n’ubushobozi buke bw’umusaruro w’imbere mu gihugu ku bice bigezweho, byongereye ubusumbane bw’ibisabwa.
4. Ubushobozi bwo murugo: Nubwo ishoramari rikomeye, inganda za chip zo mu Bushinwa ziracyari inyuma y'abayobozi b'isi mu bikorwa byo guhimba (urugero, munsi ya 7nm). Kwishingikiriza ku bikoresho bitumizwa mu mahanga na IP byatumye urwego rwohereza ibicuruzwa mu gihugu rushobora kwibasirwa n’ihungabana ryo hanze, bituma ababikora bakora amafaranga menshi kuri chip ikorerwa mu gihugu.

Ingaruka n'ibisubizo by'inganda:

1. Ibiciro byigiciro kuri Downstream Inganda: Kuzamuka kw'ibiciro bya chip birimo kugabanya inyungu ku bakora ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, abakora amamodoka, hamwe n’ibigo bikoresha ibikoresho. Ibigo bito birashobora guhura nibibazo byo kubaho, mugihe abakinyi binini barimo gushakisha izamuka ryibicuruzwa byanyuma.
2. Kwihutisha gusimburana murugo: Ikibazo cyakajije umurego mu Bushinwa bwo kwigira igice cya kabiri. Inkunga za leta, ishoramari R&D, nubufatanye bwa leta n’abikorera byihutisha imbaraga zo guteza imbere imiterere ya chip kavukire, ubushobozi bwo gukora, nibikoresho.
3. Isoko ryo gutanga amasoko kwisi yose. Icyarimwe, amasosiyete mpuzamahanga arongera gusuzuma ko yishingikiriza ku nganda z’Abashinwa, bikaba byavugurura imbaraga zo gutanga chip ku isi.
4. Impinduka ndende ya tekinoroji: Ibura rishobora kwihutisha iterambere muburyo bwa chip gushushanya (urugero, ubwubatsi bwa RISC-V) no guhanga udushya. Ubushinwa bwibanze ku bikoresho bya semiconductor hamwe na chip yihariye kumasoko niche bishobora kugaragara nkinyungu zo guhatanira.
5. Ibikorwa bigenga politiki.

Ubushishozi:

Dr. Li Ming, umusesenguzi wa semiconductor mu Ishuri Rikuru ry’ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho n’itumanaho, yagize ati: Ati: “Nubwo ububabare bw'igihe gito byanze bikunze, ikibazo gishobora kuba umusemburo wo guca ukubiri n'amahanga ndetse no guteza imbere urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima byangiza ibidukikije.”

Outlook:

Mugihe ibintu bitajegajega bya geopolitike bikomeje kandi amoko yikoranabuhanga arashyuha, isoko rya chip y'Ubushinwa rishobora gukomeza kuba ihindagurika. Nyamara, ishoramari rirambye hamwe nubufatanye bufatika bishobora koroshya buhoro buhoro imbogamizi zitangwa kandi bigahindura umwanya wigihugu mugace ka semiconductor kwisi. Gukurikiranira hafi ihinduka rya politiki, iterambere ry’imbere mu gihugu, hamwe n’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga bizagira uruhare runini mu gusobanukirwa n’isoko ry’ejo hazaza.