Beijing, Noofambar 13, 2025 - Iyada oo ay horseedayso soo kabashada joogtada ah ee suuqa kiniinka adduunka iyo fidinta degdega ah ee xaaladaha codsiyada soo baxaya, baahida alaabta ceeriin ee muhiimka ah ee loo isticmaalo soo saarista chips-ka tablet-ka ayaa arkay kobac weyn. Marka loo eego xogta ugu dambeysay ee shirkadaha cilmi-baarista suuqa, iibsashada agabka semiconductor-ka muhiimka ah - oo ay ku jiraan silikoon, germanium, gallium, copper, iyo walxaha dhulka naadirka ah - ayaa kordhay in ka badan 23% sanad gudihii rubuci saddexaad ee 2025. Waxaa xusid mudan,
Wafers silikoon nadiif ah oo sarreeya iyo agabka gallium nitride (GaN), oo lagamamaarmaan u ah geeddi-socodyada horumarsan ee wax-soo-saarka chip, ayaa la kulmay koritaan degdeg ah oo gaar ah, soona jiidanaya dareenka silsiladda saadka.
Baahida Sare u kaca ayaa kaxaysa balaadhinta alaabta ceeriin
Kor u qaadista kiniiniyada ee shaqada fog, waxbarashada khadka tooska ah, abuurista macluumaadka dhijitaalka ah, iyo sirdoonka warshadaha ayaa sii waday baahida xooggan ee aaladaha waxqabadka sare leh. Gaar ahaan qaybaha sida waxbarashada, daryeelka caafimaadka, iyo kormeerka goobta ee wax soo saarka, kaniiniyada gaarka ah waxay noqdeen aaladaha muhiimka u ah isbeddelka dhijitaalka ah. Isbeddelkan ayaa si toos ah kor ugu qaaday baahida loo qabo chips-yada asaasiga ah-sida soo-saareyaasha waxqabadka sare leh, qaybaha isgaarsiinta 5G, iyo dardar-geliyayaasha AI-oo u turjumaya baahida korortay ee alaabta ceeriin ee kor u kacda.
"Sida kaniiniyada ay ka soo baxayaan qalabka macaamiisha oo ay u noqdaan kuwo xirfad leh, qalab tayo sare leh, waxay u baahan yihiin awood xisaabeed oo weyn, waxtarka tamarta, iyo isdhexgalka chips," ayuu yiri Li Ming, oo ah falanqeeye sare oo ka tirsan Xarunta Shiinaha ee Horumarinta Warshadaha (CCID). "Tani waxay ku riixdaa chipmakers inay qaataan habab wax soo saar oo horumarsan, sida 5nm iyo 3nm nodes, kuwaas oo si weyn ugu tiirsan silikoon nadiif ah oo sarreeya iyo qalab gaar ah."
Sahayda Xiisadaha Dhaqdhaqaaqa Istaraatiijiyadeed ee Dhaqdhaqaaqa
Silikoon monocrystalline nadiif ah oo nadiif ah ayaa weli ah agabka aasaasiga ah ee soo saarista chip-ka, isaga oo xisaabinaya in ka badan 30% kharashyada. Dhanka kale, agabka semiconductor-ka ballaaran sida gallium nitride (GaN) iyo silicon carbide (SiC) ayaa si isa soo taraysa loogu isticmaalaa maaraynta awooda iyo cutubyada ku dallacaadda degdega ah ee kiniiniyada dhamaadka-sare. Baahida agabkan ayaa kor u kacday 40% sanadkiiba laba sano oo isku xigta.
Iyada oo laga jawaabayo, alaab-qeybiyeyaasha waaweyn ee alaab-qeybiyeyaasha adduunka ayaa ballaarinaya awoodda wax-soo-saarka. Kiimikada Shin-Etsu ee Japan iyo Wacker Chemie ee Jarmalka ayaa ku dhawaaqay maalgashi dheeri ah oo ku saabsan khadadka wax soo saarka silikon ee 12-inch. Alaabta la dabaqay ee fadhigeedu yahay Maraykanka ayaa kordhinaysa kharashka R&D ee agabka dhigaalka lakabka atomiga (ALD) iyo hor-u-yaasha sawir-qaadista. Shiinaha, shirkadaha sida Zhonghuan Co. iyo Hualu-HiSilicon waxay dardargelinayaan dadaallada degaanka si loo hagaajiyo isku-filnaanta ee waferrada silikon-dhamaadka sare.
Curiyayaasha dhulka naadirka ah sida praseodymium iyo neodymium, oo loo isticmaalo ku hadasha kiniinka, matoorada, iyo dareemayaasha, ayaa iyaguna helaya muhiimad. Iyada oo ay kor u kacday baahida caalamiga ah ee tamarta cagaaran iyo aaladaha caqliga leh, muhiimada istiraatijiyadeed ee silsiladaha sahayda dhulku waa ay sii kordheysaa. Khubarada warshadaha ayaa ku baaqaya in la xoojiyo habab dib u warshadayn iyo wanaajinta wareegtada kheyraadka si loo yareeyo khataraha saadka.
Hal-abuurnimada iyo Joogteynta ayaa Gacmaha-Is-gacanta ku taga
Iyada oo ay la kulmayaan kor u kaca kharashaadka agabka iyo hubanti la'aanta juqraafiga, shirkadaha tignoolajiyada ee waaweyn ayaa u dhaqaaqay dhanka isdhexgalka toosan. Apple, Samsung, iyo Huawei waxa ay samaynayaan heshiisyo wakhti dheer ah iyo hindiseyaal R&D wada jir ah oo ay la leeyihiin alaab-qeybiyeyaal si loo helo ilo deggan. Dhanka kale, warshaduhu waxay si firfircoon u sahamiyaan teknoolojiyadda baakadaha horumarsan sida chip stacking iyo naqshadaha Chiplet si loo yareeyo xoogga walxaha halbeegga awoodda xisaabinta.
"Mustaqbalka, ikhtiraacida agabka chip kaliya ma noqon doonto goob dagaal oo tignoolajiyadeed balse sidoo kale waxay noqon doontaa tiirarka u adkaysta silsilada sahayda iyo waaritaanka," ayuu yidhi agaasimaha Asia-Pacific ee SEMI (Qalabka Semiconductor and Materials International). "Wax soo saarka cagaaran, alaabta kaarboon-yar, iyo moodooyinka dhaqaalaha wareegtada waxay noqon doonaan heerarka warshadaha cusub."
Muuqaalka
Saadaasha ayaa tilmaamaysa in shixnadaha kiniinka caalamiga ahi ay ka badnaan doonaan 180 milyan oo unug marka la gaadho 2027. Marka lagu daro is dhexgalka AI iyo soo saarista arrimo cusub sida kiniiniyada laalaabi karo, suuqa alaabta ceeriin ayaa la filayaa in uu dhaafo USD 100 bilyan. Warshaduhu waxay si weyn u aqoonsan yihiin in saadka deggan iyo horumarka tignoolajiyada ee alaabta ceeriin ay muhiim u yihiin sii wadida hal-abuurka aaladaha smart.
Iyada oo ay jirto horumarka tignoolajiyada iyo welwelka amniga kheyraadka, qaybta agabka qalabka kiniinka waxa ay gelaysaa marxalad aan horay loo arag oo fursad ah—oo soo bandhigaysa caqabadaha iyo xalalka adkeysiga iyo waaritaanka nidaamka deegaanka semiconductor-ka caalamiga ah.
Waqtiga boostada: Nov-13-2025
