Fungidzira nyika isina kugona kutaura ipapo vhidhiyo nemumwe waunoshanda naye mhiri kwegungwa kana kuridza bhaisikopo mukududzirwa kwepamusoro ugere pacafe. Zvakaoma kufananidzira, handiti? Chishandiso chakaita kuti shanduko yedhijitari igoneke ndeye komputa yako, kana pc. Kubva kumakina akakura, akakura mumakamuri ekare kusvika kumichina yakapfava yatinoshandisa nhasi, iyo pc yakanyatsochinja mararamiro edu, kushanda uye kutamba kwedu.

Ichi chinyorwa chakakodzera kuverenga nekuti chinodzoreredza kumashure matinji etekinoroji atinoshandisa mazuva ese. Tichaongorora nhoroondo inonakidza ye ibm pc, pwanya vanotsoropodza pc zvikamu kufanana ne cpu uye ram, uye tsanangura kuti sei operating system anounza zvose kuupenyu. Kunyangwe iwe uri muridzi webhizinesi uri kutsvaga kukwidziridza hofisi yako yezvikepe kana kungoda kuziva kuti bhokisi resimbi riri padhesiki rako rinoshanda sei, gwara iri rinovhara zvese zvaunoda kuziva nezvazvo. personal computing.

Chii Chinonyatsotsanangura Kombuta Yemunhu?

Pamusoro payo, a komputa yako komputa ine chinangwa chakajairika ine saizi, kugona, uye mutengo zvinoita kuti ibatsire vanhu. Mutsara wakakosha pano wakaitirwa munhu mumwe panguva. Pamberi pe pc chimurenga, the indasitiri yemakomputa yaitongwa na mainframe makomputa. Iyi yaive michina mikuru, inodhura yaishandiswa nemakambani makuru nemayunivhesiti, yaisvikirwa nevanhu vazhinji panguva imwe chete. zvakabatanidzwa zviteshi.

A yakajairika pc inosanganisira yehardware inobvumira mushandisi mumwechete kuita mabasa akasiyana siyana, kubva pakugadzirisa mazwi uye desktop publishing ku kuongorora internet uye kutamba. Kusiyana a mainframe kana kombiyuta huru, a pc ari a kombiyuta duku yakagadzirirwa kupindirana. Inopa mushandisi simba kugadzira, kushandisa, uye kubata data zvakananga.

Nhasi, tsanangudzo yakawedzera. Nepo isu tichigara tichifunga nezve a desktop pc kana a laptop patinonzwa izwi, zvishandiso senge mahwendefa uye smartphones variwo zvehunyanzvi makombiyuta ega. Zvisinei, nekuda kwekujekesa, patinotaura nezvazvo pcs, tinowanzoreva desktop makomputa uye laptop makombiyuta kumhanya an os kufanana Microsoft Windows, Linux, kana macOS.

Iyo IBM PC uye Vamwe Vakagadzira Sei Nhoroondo?

Rwendo rwechizvinozvino pc yakatanga kuma1970. Michina yepakutanga seyo Altair 8800 (yakagadzirwa na MITS) uye Commodore PET (Personal Electronic Transactor) dzakanga dzakanangana nevanofarira. Dzakanga dzakaoma kushandisa uye dzaishaya a graphical mushandisi interface. Kwakabva kwauya Apple II, an Apple komputa izvo zvakaunza mavara emifananidzo uye ushamwari kumusika, zvichiratidza izvozvo personal computing yaive yemunhu wese.

Nekudaro, iyo chaiyo yekuchinja mutambo yakasvika muna 1981 neiyo IBM PC. IBM (International Business Machines) yakanga iri hofori munyika yebhizimisi. Pavakasunungura IBM PC, yakasimbisa pfungwa yekombuta padhesiki rega rega. Yakashandisa a microprocessor kubva Intel uye an operating system kubva kuMicrosoft inonzi MS-DOS (Microsoft Disk Operating System)

Ichi chivakwa chakavhurika chakabvumira vamwe vagadziri kugadzira "clones" yakashanda senge IBM muchina. Iyi standardization ndosaka izwi rekuti "pc" yakava yakafanana neWindows-based makomputa, akasiyana kubva Macs. Nhaka ye IBM PC yakakura; yakamisa zviyero zvehardware izvo pcs zvichiri kutevera nhasi. Even the Radio Shack TRS-80 akaita basa rinokosha mukuita kuti makombiyuta awanikwe kare IBM vakatungamira.

Desktop vs. Laptop: Ndeipi PC Form Factor Yakakodzera Iwe?

Pakusarudza a pc, chisarudzo chikuru kazhinji kazhinji pakati a desktop uye a laptop. Desktop makomputa dzakamira. Dzinowanzo sanganisira imwe shongwe kesi, monitor, keyboard uye mbeva. Nekuti dzakakura, dzinogona kubata zvakawanda kombiyuta ine simba zvikamu uye uve nekutonhodza kuri nani. Izvi zvinovaita kuti vaenderane nemabasa anorema sekugadzirisa vhidhiyo kana mutambo wepamusoro.

Ukuwo, laptop makombiyuta (kana zvinyorwa) batanidza skrini, keyboard, uye touchpad mu a inotakurika munhu unit. Sezvo tekinoroji yenhare yakakwira, malaptop ave ane simba rinoshamisa, kazhinji achikwikwidza desktops. Somuenzaniso, yedu 16 Inch Laptop DS160n95 inopa chidzitiro chikuru uye kushanda kwakasimba mune fomu chinhu chaunogona kutakura mubhegi.

Takaona zvakare kusimuka nekudonha kwe netbook-diki, isingadhuri, uye simba shoma laptop yakagadzirirwa kunyanya kuwana internet. Panguva iyo temu netbook yakanyanya kupera, yakatsiviwa neakanyanya-tete malaptops uye mahwendefa, iyo pfungwa yekunyanya makombiyuta anotakurika inoramba yakakosha. Netbooks yakagadzira nzira yemazuva ano Ultrabooks. Pakupedzisira, sarudzo inobva pakuti iwe unoda simba rakasvibirira kana kukwanisa compute kubva kuchitoro chekofi.

Chii chinonzi CPU uye Nei Ichinzi Huropi?

The central processing unit, kana cpu, ndicho chikamu chakakosha pane chero chipi zvacho pc. Iwe unogona kuzvifunga sehuropi hwekombuta. Zviri a microprocessor iyo inoita mirairo kubva kune hardware uye software. Paunodzvanya mbeva kana kuvhura app, iyo cpu ndicho chikamu chinoratidza zvekuita.

Vatambi vakuru vanoda Intel uye AMD inogadzira machipisi aya. Kumhanya kwe a cpu inosarudza kuti inokurumidza sei pc anogona process data. Iyo inokurumidza processor inokutendera iwe kuvhura zvirongwa nekukurumidza uye kumhanya akawanda maapplication kamwechete pasina komputa kudzikira.

Mumazuva ekutanga e IBM PC, mapurosesa aive nyore. Nhasi, yemazuva ano cpu ine "cores" akawanda, ichiibvumira kubata mabasa mazhinji panguva imwe chete. Ungave uri kushandisa a desktop kana a inotakurika munhu komputa, iyo cpu inoraira sirin'i yako computing power.

Nei RAM (Random Access Memory) Yakakosha Pakuita?

Kana iyo cpu ipfungwa, ipapo ram (random kuwana ndangariro) ndiyo ndangariro yenguva pfupi yekushanda. RAM ndizvo volatile memory, zvinoreva kuti inongobata data apo iyo pc inobatidzwa. Paunodzima komputa, iyo ram yakacheneswa.

Computer memory yakakosha nekuti inochengeta iyo data iyo cpu inoda kuwana nekukurumidza. Paunovhura webhu browser kana gwaro, rinotakurwa kubva kune hard drive kupinda RAM. The more huwandu hwegondohwe iwe unayo, ma tabo akawanda aunogona kuchengeta akavhurika uye anotsvedzerera ako pc achamhanya.

MaPC makombiyuta edesktop kana malaptops anovimba zvakanyanya nekumhanya uku. Kana usina zvakakwana ram, komputa inofanirwa kugara ichichinjanisa data nekudzoka kune inononoka kuchengetedza drive, zvichiita kuti sisitimu irege. Zvemazuvano personal computing, 8GB kusvika 16GB ye RAM ndiyo yakajairika kurudziro.

MaGPU uye Graphic Interfaces Anoshandura Sei Chiitiko?

The gpu, kana graphics processing unit, ine basa rekupa mifananidzo, vhidhiyo, nemitambo. Kare, makomputa aingoratidza mavara chete. Nhasi, the graphic ruzivo ndizvo zvese. The gpu inotora kusimudza kunorema kwezviverengero zvekuona kure ne cpu, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kuita.

Makomputa ekutanga aishandisa yekuraira-mutsara interface kwawaifanira kunyora chaiwo macode. Nhanganyaya ye gui (graphical mushandisi interface) zvakachinja zvese. The GUI inobvumidza iwe kusangana ne pc uchishandisa icons, windows, uye menyu. Microsoft Windows uye Macintosh OS yakakurumbira GUI, zvichiita kuti makombiyuta asvike kune vasiri nyanzvi.

Kune vatambi uye nyanzvi dzekugadzira, yakatsaurirwa gpu kwakakosha. Inogonesa iyo pc kupa 3D nharaunda uye kugadzirisa yakakwirira-resolution vhidhiyo. Kunyangwe kumabasa ekutanga, yakanaka graphic chip inovimbisa kuti yakakwirira-tsanangudzo vhidhiyo hova inotamba zvakanaka pane yako 15.6 Inch laptop i71060ng7.

Zvishandiso zvekuchengeta: Hard Disk Drives vs. SSDs?

To chengeta data zvachose- senge mafoto ako, zvinyorwa, uye operating system pacharo—unoda midziyo yekuchengetedza. Kwemakumi emakore, the hard disk drive (HDD) yaive yakajairwa. Aya madhiraivha anoshandisa kuruka magineti ndiro kuverenga nekunyora ruzivo. Yakapamhama uye yakachipa asi inononoka.

Mumakore achangopfuura, SSDs (solid-state drives) vakatora. Solid-state chengetedzo inoshandisa flash memory chips, yakafanana neiri mu USB drive, asi nekukurumidza zvakanyanya. SSDs havana zvikamu zvinofamba, zvichiita kuti zvive nekukurumidza, kunyarara, uye kusimba kupfuura hard disk drives.

A pc inosanganisira yezvikamu zvakawanda, asi kusimudzira kune SSD ndiyo imwe yedzakanakisa nzira dzekumhanyisa muchina wekare. Isu taimbovimbawo nazvo optical drives (CD/DVD drives) yekuisa software uye kutamba midhiya. Zvisinei, optical chengetedzo yanyangarika zvakanyanya kubva kumazuva ano pcs sekumhanya kweinternet kunotitendera kudhawunirodha zvese zvakananga.

Chii chinonzi Operating System (OS) uye Nei Uchichida?

Hardware haibatsiri pasina software. The operating system (os) ndiyo inonyanya kukosha software pane a pc. Inotarisira hardware uye software zviwanikwa uye inopa masevhisi akajairwa ezvirongwa zvekombuta. The OS ndiro zambuko pakati pako uye zvinhu zvenyama senge cpu uye ram.

Microsoft Windows ndiyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa operating system nokuti pcs, inowanikwa pahuwandu hwe desktop uye malaptop epasi rose. Linux mumwe ane simba os, inowanzoshandiswa nevagadziri uye maseva, anozivikanwa nekuve akasununguka uye akavhurika-sosi. Apple's macOS ndiyo os nokuti Macs.

The OS inobata iyo faira system, memory management, uye iyo gui. Iyo inokutendera iwe kuita zvakawanda, uchimhanyisa spreadsheet uchiteerera mimhanzi. Pasina a operating system uye software, a pc ingori muunganidzwa wesimbi nesilicon.

MaPeripherals akafanana neKiyibhodhi uye Mouse Zvinokubatanidza Iwe?

The interface pakati pemunhu nemuchina zvinoitika kuburikidza nemaperipherals. The keyboard uye mouse ndiwo maturusi ekutanga atinoshandisa kuisa mirairo. Mumazuva ekutanga, waingova nea keyboard. Kugadzirwa kwe mouse yakashandura nzira yatinofambisa nayo gui.

Pamalaptops, mbeva inotsiviwa ne touchpad, kunyangwe vanhu vazhinji vachiri kuda plugging mbeva yekunze. Midziyo iyi inobatana ne motherboards (iyo huru yedunhu bhodhi) kuburikidza ne USB kana Bluetooth.

Maitiro ekupinza ari kushanduka. Touchscreens, seaya anowanikwa pane yedu 10.1 Inch Harged Piritsi GS10n, bvumira kupindirana kwakananga. Mirairo yenzwi iri kuwedzerawo. Nekudaro, kune yakakomba chibereko, iyo tactile mhinduro yemuviri keyboard anoramba asina kurohwa.

Ko PC inobatana sei kuNyika kuburikidza neInternet Protocol?

A standalone pc ine simba, asi yakabatana pc haina muganhu. Networking inobvumira makomputa kutaurirana. Izvi zvinotungamirirwa ne Internet Protocol (IP). An IP kero yakasiyana identifier inobvumira yako pc kutumira uye kugamuchira data pasi rese.

Paunenge uri kuongorora internet, wako pc inoshandisa iyi protocol kukumbira data kubva kumaseva. Kunyangwe iwe uchibatana neEthernet tambo kana Wi-Fi, iyo kuyerera kwedata inogara iripo. Kubatana uku kwakashandura iyo pc kubva pachishandiswa chekuverenga kupinda muhubhu yekukurukurirana.

Mazuvano pcs akagadzirwa aine yekubatanidza mundangariro, inoratidzira inokurumidza Wi-Fi machipi uye kazhinji 5G kugona mukati makombiyuta anotakurika. Izvi zvinovimbisa kuti kana uri kushanda kubva ku desktop muhofisi kana a netbook mupaki, unoramba wakabatana nenyika yedhijitari.

Mhedziso

The komputa yako yakauya kure kure kubva kune hobbyist kits ye1970s. Kubva pane standardization yakaunzwa ne IBM PC kune inoyevedza, yepamusoro-soro laptop makombiyuta isu tinogadzira nhasi, the pc inoramba iri chishandiso chinogoneka mune yedu arsenal. Iwo muchina wekugona kusingaperi, unoganhurwa chete nesoftware yainomhanyisa uye fungidziro yemushandisi wayo.

Heano akakosha ekutora kurangarira nezve pc:

• Tsanangudzo: A pc ikombiyuta yechinangwa chakagadzirirwa kushandiswa na munhu mumwe panguva, yakasiyana ne mainframe makomputa.
• Nhoroondo: The IBM PC isa chiyero che Hardware, nepo iyo Altair, Apple II,uye Commodore PET yakagadzira nzira.
• Mafomu: PCs kuuya mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana, kunyanya desktop makomputa (stationary) uye laptops (inotakurika).
• Uropi The cpu (Central Processing Unit) ndiyo microprocessor iyo inogadzirisa mirairo yose.
• Memory: RAM is volatile memory inoshandiswa pakuita mabasa; zvimwe ram zvinoreva kuita zvakawanda.
• Kuchengeta: Data inochengetwa pa hard disk dhiraivha kana kukurumidza SSDs (Solid State Drives).
• Zvinoonekwa: The gpu zvibato graphic kupa, kwakakosha kune gui uye kutamba.
• Software: An operating system kufanana Microsoft Windows kana Linux inobata hardware uye inopa mushandisi interface.
• Input: The keyboard uye mbeva ndiwo midziyo yekuisa yakajairika, kunyangwe kubata kuri kukura.
• Kubatana: The Internet Protocol inogonesa kutaurirana kwepasirese uye kuongorora internet.

Ungave uri kushandisa ane simba desktop pc kubasa kana a 14 Inch Laptop 14-N5000 kuchikoro, kunzwisisa izvi pc zvikamu inobatsira iwe kukoshesa inoshamisa engineering iri pamunwe wako. Kuedza kwose kwakaitwa kuita gwara iri rizere, asi nyika ye pcs inogara ichishanduka!