Ikoranabuhanga ryihuta cyane. Urashobora kugura ibinini bisanzwe cyangwa mudasobwa igendanwa y'akarere k'ishuri uyumunsi. Nyamara, amarozi nyayo yigihe kizaza abera kure mubigo binini byamakuru. Imashini nini zitunganya imisozi yamakuru kugirango ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki ya buri munsi byubwenge kandi byihuse. Iyi nyandiko isobanura uburyo imbaraga zo kubara nini na AI zerekana ibikoresho twese twishingikirizaho. Soma kugirango urebe uko ibyuma byabaguzi ejo bizategurwa na sisitemu igezweho.

Niki Cyukuri Supercomputer kandi Irabara ite?

A mudasobwa ni Byinshi mudasobwa ikomeye. Ni umwihariko yagenewe gukora imirimo ikomeye. Irashobora byoroshye gukemura ibibazo bikomeye ko imashini isanzwe idashobora gukora. Iyo injeniyeri apima imikorere ya mudasobwa, ntabwo bareba umuvuduko wamasaha asanzwe nkuko wabikora kuri PC murugo. Ahubwo, umuvuduko wacyo ni gupimirwa mubikorwa bireremba-ingingo kuri kabiri. Mubisanzwe twita ibi a flop.

Kugera kuri ibi bidasanzwe urwego rw'imikorere, ingaragu mudasobwa irashobora kuba irimo ibihumbi mirongo. Ibi bice bito bikorana cyane kugirango bikore nkubwonko bunini. Nini mudasobwa zidasanzwe by'ibice bito bifatika Bishyizwe hamwe. Ibi Kubara gukemura uduce duto twa puzzle nini icyarimwe. Batunganya miriyari kubara ku isegonda ku gipimo cyo kuzunguruka.

Iyi nini Kubara imbaraga ningirakamaro rwose kubigezweho AI. Haba guhanura inzira yo guhaha cyangwa guhugura abafasha amajwi yubwenge, AI ikeneye ibikoresho byinshi. Mudasobwa zidasanzwe nazo ikoreshwa mugupima software hamwe nibikoresho byububiko amaherezo bigwa kubikoresho byabaguzi. Buri tablet cyangwa terefone nshya byungukirwa no guterura biremereye bikozwe na a mudasobwa kera mbere yuko ibicuruzwa bikubita ku gipangu.

Nigute Supercomputing Yatangiye mumateka ya mudasobwa?

Inkuru ya kubara yatangiye imyaka myinshi ishize. Uwiteka mudasobwa ya mbere yavutse mugihe abahanga bo hambere naba injeniyeri ba gisirikare bifuzaga umuvuduko mwinshi. Seymour Cray yari umuntu w'icyamamare muri iki gihe cyambere. Yashizeho ibyamamare CDC 6600 mugihe ukora Igenzura ryamakuru. Abanyamateka benshi bita CDC 6600 intangiriro yukuri yo kugezweho tekinoroji ya mudasobwa.

Mbere yuko imashini igera, indi mishinga nka IBM 7030 yabayeho. By'umwihariko ,. IBM 7030 yagerageje gusunika imbibi zibyo imashini ishobora gukora. Ariko, Seymour Cray yakoresheje ibishushanyo mbonera byo gukonjesha hamwe ninsinga zuzuye kugirango imashini ye yihute cyane. Kera gukoresha mudasobwa uburyo budasanzwe bwo gukoresha insinga kugirango ugabanye ibimenyetso bitinda hagati yibice. Bari batandukanye cyane nibindi byose byubatswe icyo gihe.

Muri iyo minsi yo hambere, umuvuduko wimashini rimwe na rimwe wasuzumaga gusa miliyoni amabwiriza kumasegonda. Ibyo bisa naho bitinda cyane muri iki gihe! Noneho, bigezweho AI icyitegererezo gisaba byinshi birenze ibyo. Ariko iyo minsi yo hambere yashyizeho urwego. Bagaragaje ko abantu bashobora kubaka imashini nini zo gukoresha imibare yasaze.

Kuki Mudasobwa zisanzwe zitandukanye na mudasobwa ikora cyane?

Tekereza ku gikoresho cyicaye ku meza yawe nonaha. Ibiro bisanzwe cyangwa ubucuruzi Ibice 16 bya Inch DS160n95 ni byiza kubikorwa bya buri munsi. Mudasobwa zisanzwe mubisanzwe bifite ikintu kimwe nyamukuru gutunganya. Bashobora kuba bafite intoki CPU. Ariko a mudasobwa ikora cyane ni inyamaswa itandukanye rwose.

Shingiro sisitemu ya mudasobwa ikora imirimo yumuntu umwe icyarimwe. Irashobora gukoresha urwego rusanzwe sisitemu y'imikorere nka Windows cyangwa Android. Ibinyuranye, imashini nini zubushakashatsi irimo ibihumbi mirongo by'ibice. Bafite ibihumbi mirongo gukora icyarimwe. Iyo wanditse kuri a mudasobwa igendanwa, irumva byihuse kuri wewe. Ariko ntishobora kuyobora isi yose AI kwigana cyangwa kwerekana genome yumuntu.

Buri munsi mudasobwa bwite zubatswe kubiciro bidahenze, byoroshye, nubushyuhe buke. Ikigo kinini kigomba gucunga neza cyane gukoresha ingufu. Igipimo mudasobwa igendanwa anywa ingufu za batiri buhoro. Ikigo kinini cyamakuru akoresha imbaraga zihagije zo kumurika umujyi muto!

• Mudasobwa igendanwa: 1 CPU, 8-16 GB RAM, ikora kuri bateri, yubatswe kubakoresha 1.
• Mudasobwa: Amamiriyoni ya cores, petabytes ya RAM, akeneye urugomero rwamashanyarazi, rwubatswe kuri datasets nini.

Nigute Gutunganya Kuringaniza Bitezimbere Ihuriro rya Mudasobwa?

Kugira ngo imashini zihute, injeniyeri zihuza ibihumbi hamwe. Ibi birema umuyoboro munini witwa a ihuriro. Imbere a ihuriro, ibice bigomba kuvuga byihuse. Bakoresha idasanzwe, yihuta guhuza sisitemu ya kabili. Ibi bifasha Hindura amakuru atemba hagati yibice byose.

Ba injeniyeri Koresha gutunganya kugabanya imirimo. Ahanini, kubara cyane ni uburyo Bya gutunganya. Ivuna akazi gakomeye mo uduce duto. Hanyuma, amagana cyangwa ibihumbi ya chip ikemura ibyo bits mugihe kimwe. Iki gitekerezo cyoroshye cya kubangikanya nicyo gituma amarozi abaho. Bitekerezeho nko guteka ifunguro rinini: umutetsi umwe afata igihe kirekire, ariko abatetsi ijana bakorana barangiza muminota.

Ijambo supercomputing rimwe na rimwe ikoreshwa kimwe hamwe na HPC (kubara cyane). Gucunga ibiremereye akazi, kugenzura software igomba kuba ifite ubwenge cyane. Uyu munsi, AI porogaramu zubatswe kugirango zikwirakwize neza muri a ihuriro. Ubu buhanga bwitwa gutunganya cyane. Itanga sisitemu yose idasanzwe ibicuruzwa no gukora neza.

Nigute AI izashyiraho imipaka yimbaraga zo kubara?

Uyu munsi, AI ni umushoferi munini winganda zikoranabuhanga. Guhugura shyashya AI bisaba umubare munini wa kubara. Hariho umwihariko ibibazo bisaba imibare ikabije yo gukemura. Uwiteka bigoye kandi binini kubara byakoreshejwe n'imiyoboro ya neural iratangaje. Mubyukuri ,. kubara binini bikoreshwa na mudasobwa zidasanzwe uyumunsi hafi ya AI ubushakashatsi.

Gukemura ibi biremereye kubara umutwaro, chip zisanzwe ntabwo zihagije. Twishingikirije cyane ibishushanyo mbonera cyangwa GPUs. A. Igishushanyo chip iratunganye rwose AI. Cyakora ibibazo byinshi byimibare icyarimwe. Ibigo nka Intel na Nvidia bubaka ibice byihariye kubwiyi mpamvu.

Ibi AI imirimo itezimbere igikoresho ugura burimunsi. Kurugero, kamera yubwenge iranga iwacu10.1 Inch Tablet X12 Pro shingira AI moderi zabanje gutozwa kumashini nini. Ntibisanzwe imbaraga zo gutunganya yikigo kinini amaherezo ituma tablet yawe ntoya irusha ubwenge kandi igufasha.

Igicu Kubara na HPC yaho: Ninde Watsindiye AI Nini-nini?

Ntabwo buriwese afite amafaranga yo kugura seriveri nini. Aha niho rwose Kubara intambwe in. Kubara ibicu reka ibigo bikodesha ingufu kuri enterineti. Urabona kubara cyane utiriwe wubaka icyumba kinini, urusaku rwuzuye seriveri.

Kuri nini AI imishinga, igicu kiratangaje. Urashobora gukodesha agace gato ka mudasobwa yihuta cyane kwisi kumasaha make. Uwiteka kubara cyane isi yakiriye neza iki gitekerezo. Cyakora HPC kugerwaho kubirango bito n'amashuri.

Ariko, gutunga ibyuma byaho biracyafite akamaro kuri bamwe. Amakuru amwe afite umutekano cyane ntashobora kujya mubicu rusange. Rero, ibigo byubaka mini yabyo HPC ibyumba. Waba ukodesha kumurongo cyangwa ukagura, ukeneye byinshi Kubara amikoro yo gukomeza guhatana muri iki gihe AI ubwoko.

"Igicu cyerekanaga demokarasi kugera ku mbaraga zikabije zo kubara. Ubu, gutangira byose birashobora guhugura icyitegererezo cya AI."

Nigute Iteganyagihe Ihinduka Rikesha Supercomputing?

Imikorere imwe ya kera ikoreshwa kumashini nini ni iteganyagihe. Mudasobwa zidasanzwe zirashobora gukoreshwa guhanura ibihuhusi bikaze n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere. Ibigo nka Ubuyobozi bw'inyanja n’ikirere Wishingikirize cyane. Binjiza amamiliyaridi yamakuru yatanzwe na satelite buri munsi.

Bakoresha inyanja yamakuru kugirango babone neza bigana ikirere. Mugukora ibi, barashobora guhanura ikirere gikabije iminsi mbere yuko biba. Baratanga igihe nyacyo imiburo ikiza ubuzima n'umutungo. Ibi bisaba gukora imibare igoye inshuro miriyoni ku isegonda.

Uwiteka kubara icyitegererezo cyikirere kirasa cyane AI icyitegererezo. Bombi bakeneye amakuru menshi yo kwiga. Ingaragu kubara ntibishobora gufata igihe kinini mubisanzwe mudasobwa. Ariko gukora miliyari imwe icyarimwe bisaba imbaraga zikomeye, ziyeguriye Imana.

Ni uruhe ruhare rwa mudasobwa zidasanzwe zifite intego muri AI?

Rimwe na rimwe, imashini rusange ntabwo ari igikoresho cyiza kumurimo. Nigihe intego zidasanzwe za mudasobwa kumurika. Zubatswe kuva hasi kugeza kumurimo umwe wihariye. Ni yagenewe gukora ubwoko bumwe bwa kubara neza, udatakaje ingufu kubindi byose.

Kurugero, abashakashatsi bubaka imashini kugirango bige gusa ubukanishi. Umubiri ubwubatsi ihujwe gusa kuri ubwo bumenyi nyabwo. Muri AI isi, ibigo byubaka ibyuma byabigenewe gusa kumiyoboro ya neural. Ntabwo aribyo mudasobwa zisanzwe ikoresha mushakisha cyangwa itunganya ijambo.

Kuberako bibanda rwose kubintu bimwe, birakora neza bidasanzwe. Birashobora kuba byoroshye Inshuro 10 byihuse kuri ako kazi kamwe kuruta imashini rusange. Ntibatakaza ingufu kumunsi sisitemu y'imikorere. Gusa bajanjagura imibare bubatse. Ibi imikorere myiza yemerera gutera imbere muri AI ibyo ntibyashobokaga mu myaka icumi ishize.

Ese umunsi umwe Supercomputer izahuza na mudasobwa igendanwa?

Tekinoroji ihora igabanuka mugihe runaka. Uwiteka mudasobwa yihuta kuva mu myaka makumyabiri ishize byari bifite imbaraga za terefone igezweho. Noneho, ibihangange byiki gihe amaherezo bizahuza bito mudasobwa igendanwa? Igisubizo ni yego na oya.

Mudasobwa zigezweho ni nini ku mubiri. Kurugero, imashini zimwe zigera ku kintu cyiza umuvuduko wa 442 petaflops. (A. petaflops ni kimwe cya kane ibikorwa byo kureremba-ingingo kumasegonda). Ntushobora guhuza ubushyuhe nimbaraga nyinshi muri a mudasobwa igendanwa igihe icyo ari cyo cyose! Igikoresho nkicyacu 14.1 Inch ganini ya rugged ds141 birakomeye cyane, ariko ntibishobora gukora megawatt ya gukoresha ingufu bikenewe kuri ibyo.

Ariko gutunganya imbere mu rugo rwawe mudasobwa bizakomeza kuba byiza cyane. Ingaragu intangiriro uyumunsi ni myinshi ibihe byihuse kuruta ibyingenzi bishaje. Ubu dufite ibice biva Intel uwo bahanganye ibyumba byose bya seriveri kuva 1990. Kazoza kawe mudasobwa igendanwa Bya hafi AI imirimo byoroshye.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kubara AI busa ejo?

Birashimishije Umwanya wo Kubara siyanse irahuza rwose AI. Turabona sisitemu nini ikorera ahantu nka Laboratoire y'igihugu ya Los Alamos na Laboratoire y'igihugu ya Oak Ridge. Bahora basunika imipaka ntarengwa yibyo a mudasobwa irashobora gukora.

Imashini zizaza zizavanga bisanzwe ibice byo gutunganya hagati hamwe nubuhanga bushya. Tuzabona byinshi byihariye mudasobwa ya vector gukoreshwa. A. indanga chip ninziza kubwoko bwihariye bwimibare ko AI ikunda. Bazakoresha gutunganya cyane guhugura AI ndetse byihuse kuruta uyu munsi.

Hejuru mudasobwa zidasanzwe ku isi izakomeza kumena inyandiko nshya. Vuba, tuzavuga kuri exaflops aho petaflops. Kandi ibyo byose kubara imbaraga amaherezo zizatugeraho. Bizakora byose mudasobwa dukoresha-kuva kuri seriveri mu gicu kugeza kuri tablet mu ntoki zawe - nziza, yihuta, kandi ifite ubwenge bwinshi.

Incamake

Mugihe turebye gusimbuka bidasanzwe muri Kubara ikoranabuhanga, biragaragara ko gutunganya byinshi bigira ejo hazaza. Kuva mumahugurwa yateye imbere AI guhanura ikirere, ibyuma bikabije ninkingi itagaragara yubuzima bugezweho.

• A mudasobwa ni kinini mudasobwa yubatswe kugirango ikore imibare igoye cyane.
• Imikorere ahanini gupimirwa mubikorwa bireremba-ingingo kuri kabiri, izwi nka a flop.
• AI Yishingikirije cyane kuri kubara imbaraga zitangwa na ibishushanyo mbonera (GPUs).
• Ibikoresho bigezweho Koresha gutunganya kugabana akazi gakomeye amagana cyangwa ibihumbi ya chip.
• Kubara ibicu gukora kubara cyane kugera kubucuruzi buto.
• Uwiteka Umwanya wo Kubara siyanse ikomeje gutera imbere, igasunikwa imbere na laboratoire nshya gutunganya ibishushanyo.