Ka yi tunanin duniyar da ba ta da ikon yin hira ta bidiyo kai tsaye tare da abokin aiki a cikin teku ko yaɗa fim cikin ma'ana mai girma yayin zaune a cafe. Yana da wuya a yi hoto, daidai? Na'urar da ta sa wannan juyin juya halin dijital ya yiwu shine kwamfuta na sirri, ko pc. Daga manya-manyan injuna masu girman daki na baya zuwa na'urorin da muke amfani da su a yau, da pc ya canza ainihin yadda muke rayuwa, aiki, da wasa.

Wannan labarin ya cancanci karantawa saboda yana kawar da matakan fasahar da muke amfani da su kowace rana. Za mu bincika tarihi mai ban sha'awa ibm pc, rushe m abubuwan pc kamar yadda cpu kuma rago, da kuma bayyana yadda tsarin aiki ya kawo shi duka zuwa rai. Ko kai mai kasuwanci ne da ke neman haɓaka jiragen ofis ɗin ku ko kuma kawai kuna sha'awar yadda akwatin ƙarfen da ke kan teburin ku ke aiki, wannan jagorar ta ƙunshi duk abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da shi. na'ura mai kwakwalwa.

Menene Ma'anar Kwamfuta Ta Kai Tsaye?

A asalinsa, a kwamfuta na sirri kwamfuta ce gabaɗaya wacce girmanta, iyawarta, da farashinta suka sa ta zama mai amfani ga daidaikun mutane. Mabuɗin kalmar nan an yi niyya don mutum daya a lokaci guda. Kafin pc juyin juya hali, da masana'antar kwamfuta ya mamaye manyan kwamfutoci. Waɗannan manyan injuna ne masu tsada waɗanda manyan kamfanoni da jami'o'i ke amfani da su, waɗanda mutane da yawa ke shiga lokaci guda ta hanyar. haɗe tashoshi.

A hankula pc kunshi na kayan aikin da ke ba mai amfani guda damar yin ayyuka daban-daban, daga sarrafa kalmomi da Desktop bugu ku lilo a intanet da caca. Sabanin a mainframe ko supercomputer, a pc ni a karamar kwamfuta tsara don hulɗa. Yana ba mai amfani damar ƙirƙira, cinyewa, da sarrafa bayanai kai tsaye.

A yau, ma'anar ta fadada. Yayin da a al'ada muke tunanin a tebur pc ko a kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka idan muka ji kalmar, na'urori kamar Allunan da wayoyin hannu su ne kuma a fasaha kwamfutoci na sirri. Duk da haka, don kare kanka da tsabta, lokacin da muke magana akai inji mai kwakwalwa, mu yawanci koma zuwa kwamfutocin tebur kuma kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka gudu a os kamar Microsoft Windows, Linux, ko macOS.

Ta yaya IBM PC da Sauransu Siffar Tarihi?

Tafiya zuwa zamani pc ya fara a cikin 1970s. Injin farko kamar na Altair 8800 (wanda MITS) da kuma Commodore PET (Dindindin Lantarki na Keɓaɓɓen) an yi niyya ga masu sha'awar sha'awa. Sun kasance da wuya a yi amfani da su kuma sun rasa a zana mai amfani dubawa. Sai ya zo Apple II, an Kwamfutar Apple wanda ya kawo zane-zane masu launi da abokantaka zuwa kasuwa, yana nuna cewa na'ura mai kwakwalwa ya kasance ga kowa da kowa.

Koyaya, ainihin mai canza wasan ya isa 1981 tare da PC IBM. IBM (International Business Machines) ya kasance kato a duniyar kasuwanci. Lokacin da suka saki PC IBM, ya halatta manufar kwamfuta akan kowane tebur. An yi amfani da a microprocessor daga Natara kuma an tsarin aiki daga Microsoft mai suna MS-DOS (Microsoft Disk Operating System).

Wannan buɗewar gine-ginen ya ba wa sauran masana'antun damar ƙirƙirar "clones" waɗanda ke aiki kamar na IBM inji. Wannan ma'auni shine dalilin da yasa kalmar "pc" ya zama daidai da kwamfutoci masu tushen Windows, daban da Macs. Gado na PC IBM yana da girma; ya kafa ka'idojin hardware cewa inji mai kwakwalwa har yanzu bi a yau. Har da Gidan Rediyon TRS-80 ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen samar da kwamfutoci a da IBM ya jagoranci.

Desktop vs. Kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka: Wanne Factor Factor na PC ne daidai a gare ku?

Lokacin zabar a pc, mafi girman yanke shawara sau da yawa tsakanin a tebur kuma a kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka. Kwamfutocin Desktop suna tsaye. Yawanci sun ƙunshi akwati daban na hasumiya, mai saka idanu, keyboard da linzamin kwamfuta. Domin sun fi girma, za su iya ɗaukar ƙarin kwamfuta mai ƙarfi sassa kuma suna da mafi kyawun sanyaya. Wannan ya sa su dace don ayyuka masu nauyi kamar gyaran bidiyo ko wasan kwaikwayo na ƙarshe.

A daya bangaren kuma, kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka (ko littattafan rubutu) haɗa allo, madannai, da touchpad zo a šaukuwa na sirri naúrar. Kamar yadda fasahar wayar hannu ta ci gaba, kwamfyutocin tafi-da-gidanka sun zama masu ƙarfi sosai, galibi suna fafatawa tebur. Misali, mu 16 Inch Laptop DS160N95 yana ba da babban allo da aiki mai ƙarfi a cikin nau'i nau'i wanda zaku iya ɗauka a cikin jaka.

Mun kuma ga tashin da faduwar netbook- karami, mara tsada, kuma ƙasa da ƙarfi kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka da aka tsara da farko don shiga intanet. Yayin da ajali netbook ya fi dusashewa, maye gurbinsu da kwamfutoci masu kauri da allunan, ra'ayin sosai kwamfutoci masu ɗaukar nauyi ya kasance mai mahimmanci. Netbooks ya share hanya don zamani Ultrabooks. A ƙarshe, zaɓin ya dogara da ko kuna buƙatar ɗanyen iko ko ikon yin hakan lissafta daga kantin kofi.

Menene CPU kuma Me yasa ake kiranta Brain?

The naúrar sarrafawa ta tsakiya, ko cpu, shine mafi mahimmancin sashi na kowane pc. Kuna iya tunaninsa a matsayin kwakwalwar kwamfuta. Yana da a microprocessor wanda ke aiwatar da umarni daga hardware da software. Lokacin da ka danna linzamin kwamfuta ko bude app, da cpu shi ne bangaren da ke tantance abin da za a yi.

Manyan yan wasa kamar Natara kuma AMD ke ƙera waɗannan kwakwalwan kwamfuta. Gudun a cpu yana ƙayyade yadda sauri da pc iya aiwatar da bayanai. Mai sarrafawa mai sauri yana ba ku damar buɗe shirye-shirye da sauri da gudanar da aikace-aikace da yawa lokaci guda ba tare da kwamfutar ta rage gudu ba.

A farkon zamanin PC IBM, masu sarrafawa sun kasance masu sauƙi. A yau, na zamani cpu yana da “cores” da yawa, yana ba shi damar gudanar da ayyuka da yawa lokaci guda. Ko kana amfani da a tebur ko a šaukuwa na sirri kwamfuta, da cpu yana nufin rufin ku ikon sarrafa kwamfuta.

Me yasa RAM (Ƙwaƙwalwar Ƙwaƙwalwar Samun Bazuwar) Yana da Muhimmanci ga Aiki?

Idan da cpu shine kwakwalwa, to rago (Ƙwaƙwalwar samun damar bazuwar) shine ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar aiki na ɗan gajeren lokaci. Rago shine m memory, wanda ke nufin yana riƙe da bayanai kawai yayin da pc an kunna. Lokacin da ka kashe kwamfutar, da rago an share.

Ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa yana da mahimmanci saboda yana adana bayanan da ke cpu yana buƙatar shiga cikin sauri. Lokacin da ka buɗe mai binciken gidan yanar gizo ko takarda, ana loda shi daga rumbun kwamfutarka zuwa ciki Rago. Da ƙari adadin rago kana da, ƙarin shafuka da za ka iya ci gaba da buɗewa kuma mafi santsi pc zai gudu.

Kwamfutoci kwamfutocin tebur ne ko kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka waɗanda suka dogara kacokan akan wannan gudun. Idan ba ku da isasshen rago, kwamfuta dole ne kullum musanya bayanai da baya da baya zuwa a hankali rumbun ajiya, sa na'urar ta yi kasala. Domin na zamani na'ura mai kwakwalwa, 8GB zuwa 16GB na Rago shine daidaitaccen shawarar.

Ta yaya GPUs da Mu'amalar Zane suke Canja Ƙwarewar?

The gpu, ko naúrar sarrafa hoto, yana da alhakin yin hotuna, bidiyo, da wasanni. A da, kwamfutoci suna nuna rubutu kawai. A yau, da mai hoto kwarewa ita ce komai. The gpu yana ɗaukar nauyi mai nauyi na lissafin gani daga cpu, ba da damar yin aiki mai laushi.

Kwamfutoci na farko sun yi amfani da layin umarni inda dole ne ka buga takamaiman lambobi. Gabatarwar da gui (zana mai amfani dubawa) canza komai. The GUI yana ba ku damar yin hulɗa tare da pc ta amfani da gumaka, windows, da menus. Microsoft Windows kuma Macintosh OS ya shahara da GUI, sanya kwamfutoci samun dama ga wadanda ba kwararru ba.

Don yan wasa da ƙwararrun ƙirƙira, sadaukarwa gpu yana da mahimmanci. Yana ba da damar pc don samar da yanayin 3D da shirya bidiyo mai inganci. Ko da don ayyuka na asali, mai kyau mai hoto guntu yana tabbatar da cewa rafukan bidiyo masu inganci suna wasa lafiya akan ku 15.6 Inch Lapptop I71060ng7.

Na'urorin Ajiya: Hard Disk Drives vs. SSDs?

Zuwa adana bayanai dindindin-kamar hotunanku, takaddunku, da abubuwan tsarin aiki kanta - kuna buƙatar na'urorin ajiya. Shekaru da yawa, da hard disk drive (HDD) shine ma'auni. Waɗannan faifai suna amfani da faranti na maganadisu don karantawa da rubuta bayanai. Suna da fa'ida da arha amma a hankali.

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, SSDs (m-jihar tafiyarwa) sun dauka. M-jihar ajiya yana amfani da kwakwalwan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar filasha, kama da abin da ke cikin kebul na USB, amma da sauri. SSDs ba su da sassa masu motsi, suna sa su sauri, shuru, kuma mafi ɗorewa fiye da rumbun kwamfutarka.

A pc ya ƙunshi na sassa da yawa, amma haɓakawa zuwa SSD yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun hanyoyin da za a iya hanzarta tsohuwar na'ura. Mu kuma mun kasance muna dogaro da shi na gani tafiyarwa (CD/DVD Drives) don shigar da software da kunna kafofin watsa labarai. Duk da haka, na gani ajiya ya bace da yawa daga zamani inji mai kwakwalwa kamar yadda saurin intanet ya ba mu damar sauke komai kai tsaye.

Menene Operating System (OS) kuma me yasa kuke buƙata?

Hardware bashi da amfani ba tare da software ba. The tsarin aiki (os) shine software mafi mahimmanci akan a pc. Yana kula da hardware da software albarkatun kuma yana ba da sabis na gama gari don shirye-shiryen kwamfuta. The OS ita ce gada tsakanin ku da sassan jiki kamar su cpu kuma rago.

Microsoft Windows shi ne ya fi kowa tsarin aiki domin inji mai kwakwalwa, samu a kan mafi yawan tebur da na'urorin kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka a duniya. Linux wani mai karfi ne os, galibi masu haɓakawa da sabar suna amfani da su, waɗanda aka sani da kasancewa kyauta kuma buɗe tushen. MacOS na Apple shine os domin Macs.

The OS rike da tsarin fayil, Gudanar da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, da kuma gui. Yana ba ka damar multitask, gudanar da maƙunsar rubutu yayin sauraron kiɗa. Ba tare da wani tsarin aiki da software, a pc tarin karfe ne kawai da siliki.

Ta yaya Maɓalli Kamar Allon madannai da Mouse suke haɗa ku?

The dubawa tsakanin mutum da na'ura yana faruwa ne ta hanyar abubuwan da ke kewaye. The keyboard kuma linzamin kwamfuta su ne kayan aikin farko da muke amfani da su don shigar da umarni. A farkon kwanakin, kuna da kawai keyboard. Ƙirƙirar da linzamin kwamfuta ya canza yadda muke kewaya cikin gui.

A kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka, ana maye gurbin linzamin kwamfuta da a touchpad, kodayake mutane da yawa har yanzu sun fi son toshe a cikin linzamin kwamfuta na waje. Waɗannan na'urori suna haɗi zuwa uwayen uwa (babban allon kewayawa) ta USB ko Bluetooth.

Hanyoyin shigarwa suna tasowa. Abubuwan taɓawa, kamar waɗanda aka samu akan mu 10.1 Inch ruged kwamfutar hannu gs10n, ba da izini don ƙarin hulɗar kai tsaye. Umurnin murya kuma suna zama gama gari. Duk da haka, don aiki mai tsanani, da tactile feedback na jiki keyboard ya rage ba a doke shi ba.

Ta yaya PC ke Haɗuwa da Duniya ta Hanyar Intanet?

A tsaye pc yana da ƙarfi, amma haɗin gwiwa pc ba shi da iyaka. Sadarwar yana ba da damar kwamfutoci don sadarwa. Ana gudanar da wannan ta hanyar Ka'idar Intanet (IP). An IP adireshin na musamman ne mai ganowa wanda ke ba da damar ku pc don aikawa da karɓar bayanai a duk faɗin duniya.

Lokacin da kake lilo a intanet, ku pc yana amfani da wannan ka'ida don neman bayanai daga sabobin. Ko kun haɗa ta hanyar kebul na Ethernet ko Wi-Fi, da kwararar bayanai ne akai-akai. Wannan haɗin kai ya canza yanayin pc daga kayan aikin lissafi zuwa cibiyar sadarwa.

Na zamani inji mai kwakwalwa an ƙirƙira su tare da haɗin kai, suna nuna guntuwar Wi-Fi mai sauri da sau da yawa damar 5G a ciki kwamfutoci masu ɗaukar nauyi. Wannan yana tabbatar da cewa ko kuna aiki daga a tebur a ofis ko a netbook a wurin shakatawa, kuna kasancewa da haɗin kai zuwa duniyar dijital.

Ƙarshe

The kwamfuta na sirri ya yi nisa daga kayan sha'awa na 1970s. Daga daidaitawar da aka kawo PC IBM zuwa ga sumul, babban aiki kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka muna ƙera a yau, da pc ya kasance mafi yawan kayan aiki a cikin arsenal. Na'ura ce mai iko mara iyaka, iyakance ta hanyar software da take aiki da tunanin mai amfani da ita.

Anan akwai mahimman hanyoyin da za a tuna game da pc:

• Ma'anar: A pc kwamfuta ce gabaɗaya da aka yi niyya don amfani da ita mutum daya a lokaci guda, dabam daga manyan kwamfutoci.
• Tarihi: The PC IBM saita ma'auni don hardware, yayin da Altair, Apple II, kuma Commodore PET ta share hanya.
• Siffofin: PCs zo da siffofi daban-daban, da farko kwamfutocin tebur (na tsaye) kuma kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka (mai ɗaukar nauyi).
• Kwakwalwa: The cpu (Central Processing Unit) shine microprocessor cewa aiwatar da duk umarnin.
• Ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya: Rago Ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa ce mai canzawa da ake amfani da ita don ayyuka masu aiki; ƙari rago yana nufin mafi kyawun ayyuka da yawa.
• Ajiya: Ana adana bayanai akan hard disk tuƙi ko sauri SSDs (Tsarin Jiha mai ƙarfi).
• Kayayyakin gani: The gpu rikewa mai hoto ma'ana, mai mahimmanci ga gui da caca.
• Software: An tsarin aiki kamar Microsoft Windows ko Linux yana sarrafa kayan masarufi kuma yana ba da damar mai amfani.
• Shigarwa: The keyboard da linzamin kwamfuta sune daidaitattun na'urorin shigarwa, kodayake taɓawa yana girma.
• Haɗin kai: The Ka'idar Intanet yana ba da damar sadarwar duniya da lilo a intanet.

Ko kana amfani da karfi tebur pc don aiki ko a 14 Inch Laptop 14-N5000 ga makaranta, fahimtar waɗannan abubuwan pc yana taimaka muku godiya da aikin injiniya mai ban mamaki a yatsanku. An yi kowane ƙoƙari don yin wannan jagorar cikakke, amma duniyar inji mai kwakwalwa kullum yana tasowa!